vim quick ref card

    初学有用,值得打印了贴在电脑旁

    VIM QUICK REFERENCE CARD
    Basic movement
    h l k j . . . . . . . . . . . . character left, right; line up, down
    b w . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . word/token left, right
    ge e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . end of word/token left, right
    { } . . . . . . . . . . . . . beginning of previous, next paragraph
    ( ). . . . . . . . . . . . . . .beginning of previous, next sentence
    0 gm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . beginning, middle of line
    ^ $ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . first, last character of line
    nG ngg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . line n, default the last, first
    n%. . . . . . . .percentage n of the file (n must be provided)
    n| . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . column n of current line
    %. . . . .match of next brace, bracket, comment, #define
    nH nL . . . . . . . . . . . . line n from start, bottom of window
    M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . middle line of window
    Insertion & replace ! insert mode
    i a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . insert before, after cursor
    I A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . insert at beginning, end of line
    gI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . insert text in first column
    o O. . . . . .open a new line below, above the current line
    rc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . replace character under cursor with c
    grc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . like r, but without affecting layout
    R . . . . . . . . . . . . . replace characters starting at the cursor
    gR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . like R, but without affecting layout
    cm. . . . . . . . . . . . . change text of movement command m
    cc or S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . change current line
    C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . change to the end of line
    s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . change one character and insert
    ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . switch case and advance cursor
    g~m . . . . . . . . . . . . switch case of movement command m
    gum gUm. . . lowercase, uppercase text of movement m
    m . . . . . . . . . . shift left, right text of movement m
    n<< n>>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . shift n lines left, right
    Deletion
    x X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . delete character under, before cursor
    dm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . delete text of movement command m
    dd D . . . . . . . . . . . . . delete current line, to the end of line
    J gJ . . . . . . . . join current line with next, without space
    :rd - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . delete range r lines
    :rdx - . . . . . . . . . . . . . delete range r lines into register x
    Insert mode
    ?Vc ?Vn . . . . . . . . . insert char c literally, decimal value n
    ?A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . insert previously inserted text
    ?@. . . . . . .same as ?A and stop insert ! command mode
    ?Rx ?R?Rx . . . . . . . . . insert content of register x, literally
    ?N ?P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . text completion before, after cursor
    ?W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . delete word before cursor
    ?U . . . . . . . . . . delete all inserted character in current line
    ?D ?T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . shift left, right one shift width
    ?Kc1c2 or c1 c2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . enter digraph {c1, c2} ?Oc . . . . . . . . . . . . execute c in temporary command mode
    ?X?E ?X?Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . scroll up, down
    hesci or ?[ . . . . . . . . . abandon edition ! command mode
    Copying
    "x . . . . . . . . . . . . use register x for next delete, yank, put
    :reg - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . show the content of all registers
    :reg x - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . show the content of registers x
    ym . . . . . . . . . . . yank the text of movement command m
    yy or Y. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .yank current line into register
    p P . . . . . . . . . . . put register after, before cursor position
    ]p [p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . like p, P with indent adjusted
    gp gP . . . . . . . . . . . like p, P leaving cursor after new text
    Advanced insertion
    g?m. . . . . . . . . . perform rot13 encoding on movement m
    n?A n?X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +n, ?n to number under cursor
    gqm . . . . . . . format lines of movement m to fixed width
    :rce w - . . . . . . . . . . . center lines in range r to width w
    :rle i - . . . . . . . left align lines in range r with indent i
    :rri w - . . . . . . right align lines in range r to width w
    !mc - . filter lines of movement m through command c
    n!!c - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . filter n lines through command c
    :r!c - . . . . . . . . . filter range r lines through command c
    Visual mode
    v V ?V . . start/stop highlighting characters, lines, block
    o . . . exchange cursor position with start of highlighting
    gv . . . . . . . . . . . start highlighting on previous visual area
    aw as ap . . . . . . . select a word, a sentence, a paragraph
    ab aB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . select a block ( ), a block { }
    Undoing, repeating & registers
    u U . . . . . . undo last command, restore last changed line
    . ?R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .repeat last changes, redo last undo
    n. . . . . . . repeat last changes with count replaced by n
    qc qC. . . .record, append typed characters in register c
    q. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . stop recording
    @c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . execute the content of register c
    @@ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . repeat previous @ command
    :@c - . . . . . . . . . . . execute register c as an Ex command
    :rg/p/c - . . . . . . . . . .execute Ex command c on range r
    b where pattern p matches
    Complex movement
    - + . . . . . . . . . line up, down on first non-blank character
    B W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . space-separated word left, right
    gE E . . . . . . . . . . . end of space-separated word left, right
    n . . . . . . . . down n ? 1 line on first non-blank character
    g0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . beginning of screen line
    g^ g$. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .first, last character of screen line
    gk gj . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . screen line up, down
    fc Fc . . . . . . . . . . next, previous occurence of character c
    tc Tc . . . . . . . . . . . . . before next, previous occurence of c
    ; , . . . . . . . . . . . . . repeat last fFtT, in opposite direction
    [[ ]] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . start of section backward, forward
    [] ][ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . end of section backward, forward
    [( ]) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . unclosed (, ) backward, forward
    [{ ]} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . unclosed {, } backward, forward
    [m ]m . . . . . . . . start of backward, forward Java method
    [# ]#.unclosed #if, #else, #endif backward, forward
    [* ]* . . . . . . . . . . start, end of /* */ backward, forward
    Search & substitution
    /s - ?s - . . . . . . . . . . . . . search forward, backward for s
    /s/o - ?s?o - . . . . . search fwd, bwd for s with offset o
    n or / - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . repeat forward last search
    N or ? - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . repeat backward last search
    # * . . . search backward, forward for word under cursor
    g# g* . . . . . . . . . . . . . same, but also find partial matches
    gd gD . . . local, global definition of symbol under cursor
    :rs/f/t/x - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . substitute f by t in range r
    b x : g—all occurrences, c—confirm changes
    :rs x - . . . . . . . . . . . repeat substitution with new r & x

    Special characters in search patterns
    . ? $ . . . . . . . . . . . any single character, start, end of line
    \< \> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . start, end of word
    [c1-c2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a single character in range c1..c2
    [?c1-c2]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .a single character not in range
    \i \k \I \K . . . . . . . an identifier, keyword; excl. digits
    \f \p \F \P . . a file name, printable char.; excl. digits
    \s \S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a white space, a non-white space
    \e \t \r \b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . hesci, htabi, h -i, h i \= * \+ . . . . match 0..1, 0..1, 1..1 of preceding atoms
    \| . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . separate two branches ( or)
    \( \) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . group patterns into an atom
    \& \n . . . . . . . the whole matched pattern, nth () group
    \u \l . . . . . . . . . . . next character made upper, lowercase
    \c \C. . . . . . . . . . . . . .ignore, match case on next pattern
    Offsets in search commands
    n or +n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n line downward in column 1
 

   -n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n line upward in column 1
    e+n e-n . . . . . . . n characters right, left to end of match
    s+n s-n. . . . . .n characters right, left to start of match
    ;sc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . execute search command sc next
    Marks and motions
    mc . . . . . . . . . mark current position with mark c 2 [a..Z]
    ‘c ‘C . . . . . . . . . . . go to mark c in current, C in any file
    ‘0..9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . go to last exit position
    ‘‘ ‘" . . . . . . . . . . go to position before jump, at last edit
    ‘[ ‘] . . . . . go to start, end of previously operated text
    :marks - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . print the active marks list
    :jumps - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . print the jump list
    n?O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . go to nth older position in jump list
    n?I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . go to nth newer position in jump list
    Key mapping & abbreviations
    :map c e - . . . . . . .map c 7! e in normal & visual mode
    :map! c e - . . . . map c 7! e in insert & cmd-line mode
    :unmap c - :unmap! c - . . . . . . . . . . remove mapping c
    :mk f - . . . write current mappings, settings... to file f
    :ab c e - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . add abbreviation for c 7! e
    :ab c - . . . . . . . . . . . . show abbreviations starting with c
    :una c - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . remove abbreviation c
    Tags
    :ta t - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jump to tag t
    :nta - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jump to nth newer tag in list
    ?] ?T . . . jump to the tag under cursor, return from tag
    :ts t - . . . . list matching tags and select one for jump
    :tj t - . .jump to tag or select one if multiple matches
    :tags - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . print tag list
    :npo - :n?T - . . . . . . jump back from, to nth older tag
    :tl - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jump to last matching tag
    ?W} :pt t - . . . . . . . . . . . preview tag under cursor, tag t
    ?W] . . . . . . . . . . . split window and show tag under cursor
    ?Wz or :pc - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . close tag preview window
    Scrolling & multi-windowing
    ?E ?Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . scroll line up, down
    ?D ?U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . scroll half a page up, down
    ?F ?B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . scroll page up, down
    zt or z - . . . . . . . . . . . . . set current line at top of window
    zz or z. . . . . . . . . . . . set current line at center of window
    zb or z-. . . . . . . . . . .set current line at bottom of window
    zh zl . . . . . . . . . . . . scroll one character to the right, left