Nginx安装全过程(TY实践)(2)

extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
extension = "imagick.so"
再查找output_buffering = Off
修改为output_buffering = On
自动修改：若嫌手工修改麻烦，可执行以下shell命令，自动完成对php.ini文件的修改：
sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\nextension = "imagick.so"\n#' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s#; always_populate_raw_post_data = On#always_populate_raw_post_data = On#g" /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：
mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：
引用
[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="64"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

7、创建www用户和组，以及供blog.766.com和www.766.com两个虚拟主机使用的目录：
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /www/blog
chmod +w /www/blog
chown -R www:www /www/blog
mkdir -p /www/www
chmod +w /www/www
chown -R www:www /www/www

8、创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：
在/usr/local/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
输入以下内容（如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的<value name="display_errors">0</value>改为<value name="display_errors">1</value>，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页）：
view plainprint?
<?xml version="1.0" ?> 
<configuration> 
All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix 
<section name="global_options"> 
Pid file 
<value name="pid_file">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value> 
Error log file 
<value name="error_log">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value> 
Log level 
<value name="log_level">notice</value> 
When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ... 
<value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value> 
... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated. 
Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory. 
<value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value> 
Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master 
<value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value> 
Set to 'no' to debug fpm 
<value name="daemonize">yes</value> 
</section> 
<workers> 
<section name="pool"> 
Name of pool. Used in logs and stats. 
<value name="name">default</value> 
Address to accept fastcgi requests on. 
Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket' 
<value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value> 
<value name="listen_options"> 
Set listen(2) backlog 
<value name="backlog">-1</value> 
Set permissions for unix socket, if one used. 
In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server. 
Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. 
<value name="owner"></value> 
<value name="group"></value> 
<value name="mode">0666</value> 
</value> 
Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. 
<value name="php_defines"> 
<value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value> 
<value name="display_errors">1</value> 
</value> 
Unix user of processes 
<value name="user">www</value> 
Unix group of processes 
<value name="group">www</value> 
Process manager settings 
<value name="pm"> 
Sets style of controling worker process count. 
Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like' 
<value name="style">static</value> 
Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served. 
Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive. 
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi 
Used with any pm_style. 
<value name="max_children">128</value> 
Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style 
<value name="apache_like"> 
Sets the number of server processes created on startup. 
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected 
<value name="StartServers">20</value> 
Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes. 
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected 
<value name="MinSpareServers">5</value> 
Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes. 
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected 
<value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value> 
</value> 
</value> 
The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated 
Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason 
'0s' means 'off' 
<value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value> 
The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file 
'0s' means 'off' 
<value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value> 
The log file for slow requests 
<value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value> 
Set open file desc rlimit 
<value name="rlimit_files">65535</value> 
Set max core size rlimit 
<value name="rlimit_core">0</value> 
Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path 
<value name="chroot"></value> 
Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path 
<value name="chdir"></value> 
Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log. 
If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs 
<value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value> 
How much requests each process should execute before respawn. 
Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. 
For endless request processing please specify 0 
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS 
<value name="max_requests">102400</value> 
Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect. 
Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+) 
Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket. 
<value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value> 
Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH 
All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment 
<value name="environment"> 
<value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value> 
<value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value> 
<value name="TMP">/tmp</value> 
<value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value> 
<value name="TEMP">/tmp</value> 
<value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value> 
<value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value> 
<value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value> 
</value> 
</section> 
</workers> 
</configuration> 
9、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为200（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www：
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start
注：/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数，包 括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi，重新加载配置文件 使用reload。
三、安装Nginx 0.8.15
1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：
cd /usr/local/src/tarbag
tar zxvf pcre-7.9.tar.gz -C ../software
cd ../software/pcre-7.9/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../../tarbag
2、安装Nginx
tar zxvf nginx-0.8.15.tar.gz -C ../software
cd ../software/nginx-0.8.15/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../../tarbag
3、创建Nginx日志目录
mkdir -p /www/nginx/logs
chmod +w /www/nginx/logs
chown -R www:www /www/nginx/logs
4、创建Nginx配置文件
①、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
输入以下内容：
user  www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log  /www/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log  crit;
pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
include       mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
#charset  gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush     on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length  1k;
gzip_buffers     4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;
server
{
listen       80;
server_name  blog.766.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root  /www/blog;
#limit_conn   crawler  20;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires      30d;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires      1h;
}
log_format  access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log  /www/nginx/logs/access.log  access;
}
server
{
listen       80;
server_name  www.766.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root  /www/www;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{           
#fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}
log_format  wwwlogs  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log  /www/nginx/wwwlogs.log  wwwlogs;
}
server
{
listen  80;
server_name  status.blog.766.com;
location /
{
stub_status on;
access_log   off;   
} 
}
}
②、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf
输入以下内容：

fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;
fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;